If It's Creative and Nonfiction, Does That Mean We Make It Up?
I once went on a mission trip to Mexico as part of Youth
With A Mission. Our first outreach in
Guadalajara was organised by a group of Christian women who wanted to share the
gospel in their neighbourhood. We
performed some dramas to a crowd of about forty to fifty. Then one of the local pastors preached a
short message and asked people to indicate if they’d like to receive
Christ. The entire group came forward
for prayer. It was an incredibly moving
experience and we were full of praise and thanks to God.
Although everything I’ve just told you is true, it’s not
presented in a particularly interesting way.
The version I had published in one of the Aussie Stories books began like this:
‘It was hot and humid; the air so thick we got puffed just
walking around. Our heavy black
tracksuit pants didn’t help. Every
movement was an effort. We were about to
do our first street performance in Mexico.’
Do you think that opening is an improvement? We know how the weather affected the people
and that helps us visualise the scene. But
if it’s so hot, why are they wearing heavy black pants? Oh they’re about to do a street
performance. So are they a drama
team? A flash mob? Buskers? What are they doing in Mexico? Hopefully those questions draw the
reader in and make him or her want to learn more.
We come across examples of creative nonfiction all the
time—magazine and newspaper feature articles, biographies and memoirs, devotional
writing—but what are the distinctives of this genre?
Lee Gutkind defines creative nonfiction as ‘true stories
well told’. The ‘creative’ part refers
to all of the usual literary techniques that creative writers employ (e.g. show
don’t tell, the five senses, vivid imagery, engaging dialogue, action,
character development, use of scenes), but the ‘nonfiction’ part tells us that
these stories could be verified in much the same way a reporter would fact-check
a news story. It’s not the same as a
novel or screenplay ‘based on a true story’, where the reader or viewer knows
some poetic licence has been taken.
Creative nonfiction is true, but the stories are told in an engaging way.
Let’s start with an exercise. Think of an event from your past that has
some significance for you and write a ‘no-frills’ version that just covers the
facts. Then revise it using some of the
literary tools noted above. Consider
the following tale:
‘My husband and I went on a bus tour of Italy. Our first stop was Rome and we couldn’t
believe how dangerous it was to drive down the streets. Girls with no protective clothing would ride
Vespas in between buses. One of our tour
guides used to stand behind the bus driver and hold on with just one hand. I was worried she might fall and hurt
herself.’
Boring! How could it
be jazzed up, while still getting across the facts? Think about it first and then click here to
find the actual excerpt from a travel story I had published. One of the things you’ll notice is that I’ve
used exaggeration as a humorous device.
Is that okay? Didn’t I say
earlier that creative nonfiction has to be true? In the next two weeks, I’ll look more
specifically at techniques used in creative nonfiction and give guidelines for
navigating some of the grey areas.
In the meantime, I’d be interested in hearing about the best
nonfiction pieces you’ve read and what made them so appealing?
Sources:
Gutkind,
L. (2012). You
can’t make this stuff up: The complete guide to writing creative nonfiction
from memoir to literary journalism and everything in between. Boston, MA: Da Capo Press.
Passmore, N.
L. (2009). Mexican encounter. In D. Dixon (Ed.), Aussie stories (pp. 145-148).
Sydney: Strand.
Passmore, N.
L. (2014). Vespas, wheelchairs, and the metamorphosis of
Alberto. In J. Cooper, B. Morton, J.
Spencer & C. Tuovinen (Eds.), Tales
from the upper room: Tabor Adelaide anthology 2014 (pp. 12-19). Saint Marys, South Australia: Immortalise.
Nola Passmore is a freelance writer who has had more than 140 short pieces published, including devotionals, true stories, magazine articles, academic papers, poetry and short fiction. She loves sharing what God has done in her life and encouraging others to do the same. She and her husband Tim have their own freelance writing and editing business called The Write Flourish. You can find her weekly writing tips blog at their website: http://www.thewriteflourish.com.au
